If a penalty is imposed for disobeying traffic signs or rules, who bears the direct responsibility for that offense?

Question

DentroTest · Accepted Answer

Under the Law on Traffic, Motor Vehicle Circulation and Road Safety, responsibility for offenses arising from traffic events falls directly and individually on the driver of the vehicle. The holder of the vehicle is responsible for its technical and administrative condition (such as having passed the roadworthiness test (ITV) or having taken out compulsory insurance) and for identifying the driver if required, but not for the maneuvers or signs disobeyed while driving. For its part, the carrier may assume liability under the transport regulations (Land Transport Organization Act (LOTT)), but never assumes the traffic penalty for a dynamic offense at the wheel.

If a penalty is imposed for disobeying traffic signs or rules, who bears the direct responsibility for that offense?

Want to pass the Permit D and D1 (English) theory test first time?