When is a passenger car obliged to drive on the shoulder of a dual carriageway or motorway?

Question

DentroTest · Accepted Answer

As a general rule, driving on the shoulder is prohibited. However, there is a key exception: if due to an emergency or breakdown the vehicle is travelling at an abnormally reduced speed (below 60 km/h on dual carriageways and motorways) AND is obstructing or disrupting traffic, the driver is obliged to drive on the shoulder to their right. If travelling below 60 km/h but not obstructing traffic, they must drive in the right lane. The shoulder is never used to exit the road (deceleration lanes exist for this) nor for heavy traffic unless specially authorized.

When is a passenger car obliged to drive on the shoulder of a dual carriageway or motorway?

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